Combined type-writing and computing machine.



F. A. HART & B. C. STICKNEY.

COMBINED TYPE WRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 4, 1911.

1,225,810. Patented May15, 1917.

3 SHEEIS-SHEET I.

Z3 v .5 o if F. A.I HART & 5.0. STICKNEY.

COMBINED TYPE WRITING AND CQMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATIONFILED NOV. 4.191!- 1,225,810. I Patented May 15,1917.

- 3 SHEETSSHE ET 2'.

. INVENTORS: WITNESSES:

BA. HART & B. C..STICKNEY. COMBINED TYPE WRlTfNGlAND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV- 4.1911.

- Patented May 15, 1917..

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK A. HART, OF JERSEY CITY, AND BURNIIAM C. STICKNEY, 0F ELIZABETH, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNORS, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO UNDERWOOD COMPUTING MACHINE COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORIORATION OF NEVJ YORK.

COMBINED TYPE-WRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 15, 1917.

Application filed November 4, 1911. Serial No. 658,470.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that we, FREDERICK A. HART and BURNHAM C. STICKNEY, both citizens of the United States of America, said HART residing in Jersey City, county of Hudson, and State of New Jersey, and said STIGKNEY residing in Elizabeth, county of Union, and

tate of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Type-lVriting and Computing Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to computing machines, and particularly to those which are combined with typewriting machines, such for instance, as illustrated in the pending application of Frederick A. Hart, No. 166,836, filed December 10, 1908, in which is disclosed an Underwood front strike typewriting machine combined with an adding machine of the Hanson type.

This invention relates to the imprinting or making of safety characters or marks upon the work sheet for the purpose of showing that the operator has set all of the wheels to zero. The wheels are sometimes set to zero by manipulating a Zero mechanism; and at other times this is accomplished by operating the typewriter keys to print the sum which is shown on the wheels; the machine being set for subtraction during the writing of such sum, so that at the conclusion of the operation, the wheels or equivalent devices will all stand at zero.

One feature of the present improvements consists in providing a device which can be used to print a special character either at the conclusion of the operation of the zero mechanism, or at the conclusion of the subtraction of the number shown on the wheels, thereby signifying in each case that the wheels have been set to Zero. The special character is therefore useful before the computation is begun, to show that the machine is clear, and is also useful after the sum has been written on the work sheet, to show that the sum has been written correctly. It is not necessary in all cases, that the entire device'be employed or put to both uses in the same machine.

According to one method of carrying out the present invention, the spring detents which are usually provided for the dial wheels, are equipped with dogs which are idle whenever all the wheels stand at zero, but which at other times, stand in the path of a bar which is movable by the same key that prints the special character on the work sheet, so that said key is locked against operation except when all the wheels stand at zero.

It will be understood that whenever said type key is locked, it may be instantly released by operating the zero mechanism. It will also be understood that after a computation has been made, the subtraction key may be operated, which is illustrated in the pending application of Hans Hanson, No. 626,550, filed May 11, 1911; and the amount shown by the wheels may be written and concomitantly subtracted, thereby releasing the special character printing key for operation.

Other objects and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 a sectional elevation of the front part of a combined typewriting and computing machine of the Underwood-Hanson type, as illustrated in said Hanson application; the wheels standing in zero positions, and the special character printing key being in normal position.

Fig. 2 is a plan of the computing mechanism and part of the type-operating dev1ce.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, but showing a special character being printed.

Fig. l is a similar view, showing the special character key locked against operation.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of some of the computing wheels and the character printing mechanism.

Fig. 6 is a sectional side view of an Underwood-Hanson combined typewriting and computing machine, equipped for subtraction, and showing our invention as applied thereto.

In the Underwood-Hanson combined typewriting and computing machine shown in the said application of Hans Hanson, numeral keys 37 and alphabet keys 38 when depressed, carry down key levers 39 to swing sub-levers 40, to carry the usual type-bars 2 upwardly and rearwardly against a platen 1, said platen forming part of a traveling carriage ll. Said carriage is normally tensioned to be drawn in letter-feeding direction by a spring barrel 42 and is fed along at each operation of the keys 37 and 38 by an escapement wheel 43, which is alternately engaged by dogs 44 operated at each actuation of said keys. Said escapement wheel for this purpose is connected to a pinion 45, meshing with the usual rack 46 on the typewriter carriage, and said dogs are caused to alternately engage said escapement wheel by means of a universal member 47, which is actuated as each type-bar 2 approaches the platen by a heel 48 011 said type-bar.

Said Underwood-Hanson machine also comprises the usual computation members 49, which are in the form of rack bars carrying pins 50, one of said pins being set up to represent a digit on the appropriate computation member whenever a numeral key is actuated in the adding column. After all the digits of a number have been set up on the pins 50, in a manner which will be described below, the numbers are carried into the usual dial wheels 3, and then the numbers set up are erased from the computation members 49. To thus cause numbers to be set up on the pins 50, each computation member normally stands to hold its pins 50 under depressible pin-setting linkages 51, said pins being normally out of range of said linkages, but adapted to be moved within the range of movement of said linkages by the typewriter carriage, there being one computation member 49 raised to hold its pins in position to be acted on by any one of said linkages, whenever the typewriter carriage stands at a given digit place in the computing zone.

The connections for moving the computation members 49 so that the pin-setting linkages 51 may be effective on their pins 50, include a tappet 52, settable along a bracket 53 on the typewriter carriage, which tappet, as it travels along, raises sem'cttz'm one after another the front ends of jacks 54, thus depressing the rear ends 55 thereof, said rear ends bearing down on links 56, each link being connected to its corresponding computation member 49 by means of the usual lever 57 underlying the link 56. At its front end said lever is connected to its computation member 49 by the ordinary transposition device 58. The nature of the connections is such that whenever any jack 54 is thus raised by the tappet 52, it lifts its computation member 49, so that the pins 50 thereon are within the range of movement of the linkages 51, with the result that if a numeral key at this time is depressed, its linkage will be correspondingly depressed and will depress or set the corresponding pin in the computation member 49, which at the moment is holding its pins in effective position.

The connections for causing the numeral keys to operate the pin-setting linkages 51, include the usual pendants 59, of which there is one for every numeral. key, except the zero key, said pendants as they descend being adapted to strike wrists 60 on rock shafts 61, each rock shaft having a rock arm 62 fast thereto, which arm when rocked swings its linkage 51 downward sufficiently to set or depress the corresponding pin 50 on the computation member which is at the moment in effective position.

When the digits of a number have thus been set up serz'atz'm on the members 49, said digits .are carried into the dial wheels 3 by the usual cross bar 63, which cross bar forms part of a general operator, said operator also comprising side racks 64 and being driven by a handle 65 through a segment 66 fast on the handle which meshes with an idle pinion 67 meshing with the rack bar 64. l/Vhen the handle 65 is drawn for ward, it causes the cross bar 63 of the general operator to travel forward and intercept the lower ends of any depressed pins 50, thereby driving said members 49 to rotate the dial wheels 3 by racks 68 forming the forward ends of said computation members 49. Said racks rotate the dial wheels 3 by pinions 69 connected thereto on said forward stroke. On the return stroke of said handle 65 the computation members 49 are returned to normal position by a cross bar 70, also forming part of said general operator, the pinions 69 failing to turn the dial wheels 3 on said return stroke, owing l to a pawl and ratchet connection between them and the dial wheels 3. At the very end of the return stroke of the general operator all the set pins 50 are returned to their normal position by a pin-restoring device (omitted for the sake of clearness).

Whenever a number is carried into the dial wheels 3 to cause any dial wheel to bring its zero before the sight opening 34,

it carries over, that is to say, it turns the f next adjacent higher dial wheel one point, on the return stroke of the general operator. For this carrying, each dial wheel 3, except the highest, is provided with a special tooth 9, which, as the dial wheel brings its zero to the sight opening 34, gives a nine-toothed carry over pinion 8 a slight turn, so as to make it effective on the return stroke of the general operator to carry over onto the adjoining dial wheel. To enable said carryover pinion 8 to be effective on the adjoining dial wheel only when so turned, every third tooth of said carry-over pinion is mutilated or cut away at 7 9, the action taking place in a manner hereinafter to be described. Each dial wheel 3 is turned on said return stroke by one of three teeth 36 provided on a wheel fixed to the tens-carrying pinion 8, the tooth 36 meshing with and driving a gear 4 fixed to the dial Wheel.

For turning the carry-over pinion on the return stroke of the general operator, there is provided a shaft 80 which remains still during the forward stroke of said general operator, being driven from said general operator by a pinion 81 meshing with the rack bar 64. of said operator, which pinion meshes with a pinion 82 connected by a one-way clutch to the shaft 80. When said shaft 80 turns on the return stroke of the general operator, it carries past the carry-over wheels a spirally arranged series of gear segments 83, said segments being so arranged that one will first strike and turn the tens carry-over pinion if an uncut or unmutilated tooth thereof is in effective position. The next will then turn the hundreds, if an uncut tooth is in effective position, and so on, the result being that numbers are carried over successively from the units wheel upward or to the left. If a mutilated tooth 79 of any carry-over pinion is in effective position, the segment 88 for driving said pinion will move idly past the pinion without turning it.

So far the machine has been described as useful only for adding. Said machine as shown herein, is adapted also to subtract by what is shown as the complementary method of subtraction. For this purpose, the machine is provided with the usual subtraction key or bar 33, which when pressed rearwardly, automatically sets the 9 pin on every computation member 49 and at the same time alters the connections between the numeral keys and the pin-setting linkages 51, so that each numeral key will. now operate the particular pin-setting linkage effective on the pins representing the digit complementary to that normally set up bythe operation of that key. For example, the 2 key when operated in addition, operates the next to the front linkage 51 (see Fig. 6), but when subtracting, said 2 key operates the linkage adapted to set the 7 pin 50. To bring this about, when the subtraction key 33 is pressed rearwardly, said subtraction key, by means of a pin-andslot connection 71 at the rear end thereof, rocks abell crank 72 to lift upwardly by a bail 73 all of the computation members 49, so that their pins 50 will be elevated to pin-setting position. At the time the computation members 49 are thus raised by the subtraction key 33, a uni.- versal bar (not shown herein) is moved by said subtraction bar downwardly, so as to engage and hold down the front ends of levers 74, there being one of said levers 7a engaging each 9 pin, with'the result that the actuation of the subtraction key forces every 9 pin downwardly by said levers into effective position. The effect of setting said 9 pins is such that if no number is set up on any computation member 49, as is the case, for example, when the zero numeral key is operated, said 9 pins will cause the general operator to turn all the numeral wheels nine points, and a special connection not shown herein, will turn the units wheel one point extra, with the result that the units wheel will be given a complete revolution and will so carry over into the tens wheel, causing that wheel to have a complete revolution, and so on throughout all the numeral wheels of the totalizer. If, however, after the subtraction key has been pressed, a number is set up in the usual manner by operating the numeral keys, a numeral written in any digits place will unset the 9 pin which has been set therein, thereby causing the dial wheel to be turned to an extent determined by the pin thus depressed by the numeral key.

It was stated above that whenever the subtraction key was depressed, the connections between the numeral keys and the pin-set ting linkages were altered, causing the linkages to be operated by numeral keys complementary to the ones normally operating them. The connections for accomplishing this include a shift bar 7 5 which engages all the rock shafts 61 which operate the pinsetting linkages, and shifts said rock shafts forwardly, causing the rock arms 62 on said shafts to shift clear of the wrists 7 6 by which they operate the linkages in adding position, and cause subtraction rock arms 78 to engage wrists 77 on said linkages, the relation of wrists and rock arms being such that in thus shifting, the rock arm 62 which formerly engaged at wrist 76, no longer engages such wrist, but a separate subtraction rock arm 78, also fast on the same rock shaft 61, engages a subtraction wrist 77, said wrist being on the linkage complementary to the one additively operated. by the rock shaft 61. For example, in Fig. 6, the rock arm 62 normally engages the second linkage, thereby setting digit pins to represent the numeral 2, but in subtraction, the subtraction rock arm 78 on said shaft engages the linkage operated additively by the 7 key, and setting the pins representing the digit 7. Said rock shafts 61 normally tend to return to adding position, but are detained in subtracting position by a detent arm 78 which engages the shifting bar Said detent arm 78 is released by the op eration of the general operator by means not material to the present invention.

The gear 4 attached to each dial wheel 3 has an individual detent 5 associated with it, which detent is pressed by a spring 6 into the notches or tooth spaces; said spring also connected to a detent 7 which engages the pinion 8 of the corresponding tens-carrying train, whose movements are initiated by the teeth 9 upon the dial wheels, and concluded by the power-driven revolving segment shaft 80, as set forth'above.

Upon the rear end of each de'tent is formed or provided a dog which, whenever the detent 5 is seated in any notch or tooth-space (except one) in the gear 4, intercepts a. universal bar 11, Figs. 1 and 5, which is movable by a key 12; the latter intended to impress a special type 13 on the work sheet on the platen 1; said special type being preferably in the form of a star. The connection between the key and the type includes an arm 14L extending forwardly from a horizontal rock shaft 15, upon the opposite end of which is an upstanding arm 16, which is connected to a bell crank 17, 18, the arm 18 being adapted to depress a rod 19, which is adapted to swing down, being at its ends fixed to arms 20, the latter fixed upon the opposite ends of a rock shaft 21.

Connected to the rod 19 is an upstanding link 22, which is pivoted at its upper end at 23 to the forward end of a lever 24, the latter fulcrumed at 25 upon the usual key lever fulcrum rod of the typewriter, and connected to the type bar 2 which carries the special type 13; the connection being in the usual form of a bell crank 26.

A returning spring 27, Fig. 5, is provided for the type bar and rod 19; and a separate returning spring 28 is provided for the key 12, the latter having a stem 29 to depress the forward end of the arm 14.

One of the notches or tooth-spaces in each of the wheels 4 is enlarged or cut away at 31 more than the other notches, so that the spring 6 will throw the detent 5 in or down more than usually, thereby lifting the dog 10 out of the path of the locking bar 11, and hence releasing the key 12 for actuation. The bar 11 is a universal bar, being made of suflicient length to underlie all of the dogs, of which one is provided -upon each detent 5.

In performing addition, the operator first depresses a Zero key 32, which forms part of the zero mechanism shown in said applications, and disclosed by Figs. 33 and 34: of said Hart application; and as a result, all of the wheels 3 are turned to zero, and hence the bar 11 is released from the control of the dogs 10. and the key 12 is manipulated to print a star or other special type upon the work sheet. The operator then manipulates the numeral type keys to print and add the numbers in the usual way. At the conclusion of the addition, he presses back a subtraction key 33 to set the subtraction mechanism shown in said Hanson application. The operator then manipulates the numeral keys to write upon the work sheet the sum which is shown by the wheels 3; and this amount is automatically subtracted from said wheels, so that the latter are all brought to zero, and hence the detents 5 are snapped in the deep notches or tooth-spaces 31, and the special type key 12 is released, so that the operator can print the star or character after the sum which is written upon the paper, thereby proving that the said sum has been correctly transcribed from the wheels 4. Thus the dogs 10 of the detents are tumblers forming a lock for the special key 12.

At F 1, it will be understood that the 0 stands just below the sight opening 3 1 in the casing 35 of the computing mechanism, at the time when the detent 5 engages the deepened notch 31 in the gear wheel 4. The latter is used at the tenscarrying operation, being engaged by any of the three teeth of the wheel 36 fixed to the tens-carrying pinion 8, as described above and the deepening of said notch not interfering with the use of the wheel 1 for this purpose.

The combination of a special printing or sign type which is controlled jointly by a key and the computing mechanism to print, the combination wherein the key controlling such a sign is locked until the computing mechanism stands at Zero, and the locking of such a key and its release subsequent to the transfer of a total from the computing mechanism to a work-sheet, are claimed broadly in the application No. 662,873, of Frederick A. Hart. filed November 28. 1911.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, as for instance, other means otherwise releasable by the Zero mechanism, may be provided for normally locking the special character key.

Having thus described our invention, we claim:

1. The combination with computing wheels, of spring detents therefor; means being provided for causing said detents to assume abnormal positions when the wheels stand in zero positions, and said detents provided with dogs; a special type; a key to control said type, and a key-locking bar movable by said key past said dogs when the latter are in their abnormal positions, but intercepted by said dogs when the latter are in normal positions.

2. The combination of computing wheels,

spring detents therefor, a special characterprinting key, and a bar movable by said key; said detents having dogs which are idle whenever all the wheels stand at zero, but which at other times may rest in the path of said bar.

3. The combination of computing wheels,

spring detents therefor, a special characterprinting key, and a bar movable by said key; said detents having dogs which are idle I whenever all the wheels stand at Zero, but which at other times may rest in the path of said bar, a key-controlled mechanism, and means controlled thereby releasing said bar from said dogs. I

4:. The combination with dial wheels having notches, of spring detents to engage said notches, said detents having dogs, a universal bar, a key for moving said universal bar, and a special type operable by said key, the notches of each wheel including one deepened notch into which the detent falls when the wheel stands at zero, to move a dog out of the path of said universal bar.

5. The combination with dial wheels having notches, of spring detents to engage said notches, said detents having dogs, a universal bar, a key for moving said universal bar, the notches of each wheel including one deepened notch into which the detent falls when the Wheel stands at zero, to move a dog out of the path of said universal bar, a rock arm operated by said key, a rock arm connected to the first-named rock-arm, a bell crank connected to the second-named rock-arm, a swinging rod operable by said bell crank, an arm connected to said swinging rod, a link connected to said arm, and a type-operating lever connected to said link.

6. The combination with a type member for printing a character, of a lock comprising a plurality of tumblers for preventing the movement of said type member to print a character.

7. The combination with a type bar, of a lever for actuating said type bar, means for actuating said lever, and a lock comprising a plurality of tumblers for preventing the actuation of said lever by said means.

8. The combination with a series of computing wheels of detents for said wheels for preventing improper turning thereof, printing means, and locking mechanism dependent upon the relative position of said detents and said wheels for controlling the capability of action of said printing means.

9. The combination With a series of computing wheels having a series of notches, of detents individual to each wheel to engage said notches to restrain said Wheels from improper movement, certain of said notches being-deeper than others, to determine certain relative positions of said wheels and said detents.

10. The combination with printing means, of locking means for said printing means, a series of computing wheels, and holding means for preventing over-rotation of said computing wheels, acting to control said locking means for said printing means.

11. The combination with printing means, of locking means for said printing means, a series of computing wheels, and detents individual to each of said computing Wheels for preventing over-rotation thereof, said detents acting to control said locking means.

12. The combination with computing mechanism, of printing mechanism, holding means for said computing mechanism for preventing accidental displacement thereof, locking means for said printing mechanism, and connections between the locking and holding means, enabling an interdependent action therebetween.

13. The combination wheels, of detents effective on said wheels, dogs connected to said detents, a bail in front of which said dogs normally stand so as to prevent movement of said bail, different parts of said computing wheels being efleo tive differently on said detents so that in one position each computing wheel holds the dog of its detent ineffective on said bail, a printing device operated by movement of said bail, and a key for making said printing device effective.

14. In a computing machine, the combination With computing wheels and a movable dog under the control of each wheel, of a bail which said dogs are normally effective to hold against operation, said wheels each adapted to hold its dog in ineffective position When said wheel occupies a certain position, a printing mechanism, and a key effective to cause the operation of said printing mechanism when said dogs are ineffective on said bail.

15. The combination, with computing wheels, and mechanism for turning them to zero; of a movable member individually associated with each wheel; a special type-key; and a bar cooperating with said members to control the actuation of said key, said members movable independently of one another and normally locking said bar, but automatically releasing the bar When all of said wheels are turned to zero by said mechanism.

16. The combination, with computing Wheels, and mechanism for turning them to zero; of special character-printing means; detents for said wheels normally restraining the same; and locking means for said printing means controlled by the relative positions of said detents and said wheels, and released automatically when all of said wheels are turned to zero by said mechanism.

17 The combination, with computing wheels and detents therefor normally restraining the same; of special characterprinting means; and locking mechanism dependent upon the relative positions of said Wheels and said detents for controlling the effectiveness of said printing means, said locking mechanism being normally active, but automatically released or rendered inactive when all of said wheels and detents occupy a predetermined relative position.

18. The combination, with computing Wheels; of a movable member individually associated with each Wheel; special character-printing means; and a bar cooperating with said members to control the actuation of said printing means, said members movable independently of one another and normally locking said bar, but automatically with computing M releasing the bar when all of said wheels occupy a predetermined position.

19. The combination, with computing wheels, and a movable member individually associated with each wheel and controlled thereby as to its position; of special character-printing means; a rocking frame, said frame being normally locked against operation by said movable members, but automatically unlocked when all of said wheels occupy a predetermined position, and means connected to said frame to operate said printing means.

20. The combination, with computing wheels, and a movable member individually associated with each wheel and controlled thereby as to its position; of special character-printing means; a rocking frame con nected to operate said printing means; and operating means for said frame, said frame comprising a bail co-acting with all of said members and normally obstructed thereby, but automatically freed therefrom when all of said wheels occupy a predetermined posi tion.

21. The combination, with computing wheels, and a movable member individually associated with each wheel and controlled thereby as to its position; of special character-printing means; a rocking frame comprising a bail universal to all of said members, and a pair of operating arms; a key arranged to engage one of said arms, to rock said frame; and connections between the other arm and the printing means, to operate the latter when said frame is rocked; said bail being normally obstructed by said members, so as to prevent the frame from being rocked, but automatically releasable therefrom to permit the frame to be rocked when all of said wheels occupy a predetermined position.

22. The combination with a type member for printing a character, of a lock comprising a plurality of tumblers for preventing the movement of said type member to print a character, and computing mechanism comprising computing wheels which control said tumblers.

23. The combination with a type bar, of a lever for actuating said type bar, means for actuating said lever, a lock comprising a plu rality of tumblers for preventing the actuation of said lever by said means, and comput- .ing mechanism comprising computing wheels which control said tumblers.

FREDERICK A. HART. BURNHAM O. STIOKNEY.

Witnesses K. FRANKFORT, B. GOLDBERG.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, I). G. 

